全國2010年10月高等教育自學考試
高級英語試題和答案解析
（課程代碼：00600）
全部題目用英文作答(翻譯題除外)，并將答案寫在答題紙相應位置上
Ⅰ．The following paragraphs are taken from the textbooks, followed by a list of words or expressions marked A to Y．Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet．One word or expression for each blank only． (25 points, 1 point for each)
Today’s heroes—some of them, anyway—tell us they enjoy their
1 ．“And I
2 to myself at the men and the ladies． Who never
3 of us billion-dollar babies．” The
4 “culture hero” who
5 that is Alice Cooper．
If I said that being black is a greater
6 than being a woman, probably no one would
7 me． Why? Because “we all know” there is
8 against black people in America． That there is prejudice against women is an idea that still
9 nearly all men—and, I am afraid, most women—as
10 ．
There is, however, another
11 possessed by the best work, which is even more important as a
12 of happiness than is the exercise of
13 ． This is the element of constructiveness． In some work, though by no
14 in most, something is built up which remains as a 15 when the work is completed．
My own state of mind, when I left Watts eight years ago to take up the
16 year at Whittier College, was
17 ． It was to me less of a
18 ; it was the stepping off point of an Odyssey that was to take me through Whittier College and Oxford University, to Yale Law School, and back to Watts． I had
19 then, as now, to make Watts my
20 ．
Well, it’s a good life and a good
21 , all said and
22 , if you don’t
23 , and if you know that the big wide world hasn’t
24 from you yet, no, not by a long way, though it won’t be long now． The float bobbed more violently than before and, with a
25 on his face, he began to wind in the reel．
|
A．handicap |
B．element |
C．weaken |
D．means |
E．heard |
|
F．question |
G．freshman |
H．home |
I．strikes |
J．done |
|
K．source |
L．different |
M．conceived |
N．particular |
O．grin |
|
R . skill |
Q．laughed |
R．prejudice |
S．monument |
T．sings |
|
U．rewards |
V．departure |
W．intended |
X．world |
Y．bizarre |
II．Each of the following sentences is given four choices of words or expressions．Choose the right one to complete the sentence and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet． (15 points, 1 point for each)
26．The citizens are grateful to the government for the ______ environment．
A．wholesome B．wholesale
C．noisome D．tiresome
27．The farmers’ ______ from the contest aroused heated debates．
A．omission B．exclusion
C．inclusion D．emission
28．He owed his victory to endurance and ______．
A．instance B．existence
C．subsistence D．perseverance
29．He killed his enemy and received a ______ wound himself．
A．moral B．fateful
C．mortal D．factual
30．To remove the paint, he had to apply a knife to ______ the table．
A．scrape B．rub
C．dab D．peel
31．The local government decided to ______ money for the building of a new post office．
A．distribute B．divide
C．contribute D．allot
32．She was ______ of her notorious family scandal．
A．shameful B．shameless
C．ashamed D．shamed
33．Since then, the contrast between his two careers has become even more ______．
A．symbolized B．distinguished
C．predominated D．pronounced
34．I recall how ______ it was years ago when people littered everywhere in our city．
A．annoying B．scaring
C．frightening D．humiliating
35．I don’t complain about the smoking ______ because I hate watching people smoking in hospitals．
A．programs B．restrictions
C．arguments D．advertisements
36．His muscles are firmest and his ______ colds and infections is highest．
A．ignorance of B．independence of
C．resistance to D．attribution to
37．Regardless of ______ poll results, a number of objections have been published in newspapers．
A．practical B．sensible
C．favorable D．outstanding
38．At British universities, it is ______ to cease work and spend a half-hour or so sipping tea and eating cookies with the members of one’s department．
A．satisfactory B．extraordinary
C．contemporary D．customary
39．The concentration of populations in cities has given ______ to many problems of housing, education, and medical services．
A．rise B．reason
C．result D．response
40．This discovery is highly ______ in the circle of science．
A．measured B．appreciated
C．calculated D．experimented
Read the following passage carefully and complete the succeeding three items III, IV, V．A Wrong Man in Workers’ Paradise
(1) The man had never believed in mere utility．
(2)
Having had no useful work, he indulged in mad whims． He made little pieces of sculpture—men, women and castle, quaint earthen things dotted over with sea-shells．He painted．Thus he wasted his time on all that was useless, needless．People laughed at him．At times he vowed to shake off his whims, but they lingered in his mind．
(3) Some boys seldom ply their books and yet pass their tests． A similar thing happened to this man． He spent his earth life in useless work and yet after his death the gates of Heaven opened wide for him．
(4) But mistakes are unavoidable even in Heaven．
So it came to pass that the aerial messenger who took charge of the man made a mistake and found him a place in Workers’ Paradise．
(5) In this Paradise you find everything except leisure．
(6)
Here men say: “God! We haven’t a moment to spare．” Women whisper: “Let’s move on, time’s a-flying．” All exclaim: “Time is precious．” “We have our hands full, we make use of every single minute,” they sigh complainingly, and yet those words make them happy and exalted．
(7) But this newcomer, who had passed all his life on Earth without doing
a scrap of useful work, did not fit in with the scheme of things in Workers’ Paradise． He lounged in the streets absently and jostled the hurrying men． He lay down in green meadows, or close to the fast flowing streams, and was taken to task by busy farmers． He was always in the way of others．
(8) A hustling girl went every day to a silent torrent (silent, since in the Workers’ Paradise even a torrent would not waste its energy singing) to fill her pitcher．
(9)
The girl’s movement on the road was like the rapid movement of a skilled hand on the strings of a guitar．Her hair was carelessly done; inquisitive wisps stooped often over her forehead to peer at the dark wonder of her eye．
(10) The idler was standing by the stream．
As a princess sees a lonely beggar and is filled with pity, so the busy girl of Heaven saw this one and was filled with pity．
(11 ) “A—ha !” she cried with concern． “You have no work in hand, have you?”
(12) The man sighed, “Work! I have not a moment to spare for work．”
(13) The girl did not understand his words, and said: “I shall spare some work for you to do, if you like．”
(14) The man replied: “Girl of the silent torrent, all this time I have been waiting to take some work from your hands．”
(15) “What kind of work would you like?”
(16) “Will you give me one of your pitchers, one that you can spare?”
(17) She asked: “A pitcher? You want to draw water from the torrent?”
(18) “No, I shall draw pictures on your pitcher．”
(19) The girl was annoyed．
(20) “Pictures, indeed! I have no time to waste on such as you． I am going．” And she walked away．
(21) But how could a busy person
get the better of one who had nothing to do? Every day they met, and every day he said to her: “Girl of the silent torrent, give me one of your clay pitchers．I shall draw pictures on it．”
(22) She yielded at last． She gave him one of her pitchers． The man started painting．He drew line after line; he put color after color．
(23) When he had completed his work, the girl held up the pitcher and stared at its sides, her eyes puzzled． Brows drawn, she asked: “What do they mean, all those lines and colors? What is their purpose?”
(24) The man laughed．
(25) “Nothing．A picture may have no meaning and may serve no purpose．”
(26) The girl went away with her pitcher．At home, away from prying eyes, she held it in the light, turned it round and round and scanned the painting from all angles． At night she moved out of bed, lighted a lamp and scanned it again in silence． For the first time in her life she had seen something that had no meaning and no purpose at all．
(27) When she set out for the torrent the next day, her hurrying feet were a little less hurried than before． For a new sense seemed to have wakened in her, a sense that seemed to have no meaning and no purpose at all．
(28) She saw the painter standing by the torrent and asked in confusion: “What do you want of me?”
(29) “Only some more work from your hands．”
(30) “What kind of work would you like?”
(31) “Let me make a colored ribbon for your hair,” he answered．
(32) “And what for?”
(33) “Nothing．”
(34) Ribbons were made, bright with colors．The busy girl of Workers’ Paradise had now to spend a lot of time every day tying the colored ribbon around her hair． The minutes slipped by, unutilized． Much work was left unfinished．
(35) In Workers’ Paradise work had of late begun to suffer．Many persons who had been active before were now idle, wasting their precious time on useless things such as painting and sculpture．The elders became anxious．A meeting was called．All agreed that such a state of affairs had so far been unknown in the history of Workers’ Paradise．
(36) The aerial messenger hurried in, bowing before the elders and made a confession．
(37) “I brought a wrong man into this Paradise,” he said．“It is all due to him．”
(38) The man was summoned．As he came the elders saw his fantastic dress, his
quaint brushes, his paints, and they knew at once that he was not the right sort for Workers’ Paradise．
(39) Stiffly the President said: “This is no place for the like of you．You must leave．”
(40) The man sighed in relief and gathered up his brush and paint．But as he was about to go, the girl of the silent torrent came up tripping and cried: “Wait a moment．I shall go with you．”
(41) The elders gasped in surprise． Never before had a thing like this happened in Workers’ Paradise—a thing that had no meaning and no purpose at all．
III．In this section, there are ten incomplete statements or questions, followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D．Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet．(20 points, 2 points for each)．
41．What do you think is the main point of the story?
A．The love of a painter for a pretty girl．
B．The opposition between beauty and utility．
C．The change of heart in a girl who used to believe in mere utility．
D．The ideal society where no time is wasted and no idler is tolerated．
42．What is the author’s attitude in this story?
A．He is indifferent to the artist．
B．He is in sympathy with the artist．
C．He is absolutely objective in telling the story．
D．He makes fun of those who believe in Paradise．
43．In the sentence “．．．but they lingered in his mind” in Paragraph 2, “they” refers to _ _____．
A．his whims B．his vows
C．the things he made D．the people he met
44．What is the proper meaning of the phrase “a scrap of” in Paragraph 7?
A．a lot of B．a load of
C．a bit of D．a pile of
45．In Paragraph 8, with the sentence “．．．in the Workers’ Paradise even a torrent would not waste its energy singing”, the author intends to ______．
A．state a fact B．laugh at the man
C．praise the Workers’ Paradise D．scoff at the Workers’ Paradise
46．What is the meaning of the phrase “get the better of” in Paragraph 21 ?
A．pick B．make use of
C．defeat D．make fun of
47．What is the meaning of the word “quaint” in Paragraph 38?
A．disgusting B．strange
C．ugly D．disturbing
48．Based on the author’s description of the girl, we know that ______．
A．she was curious
B．she was not very attractive
C．she was much busier than the others
D．she was the princess of the Workers’ Paradise
49．When the elders asked the man to leave the Workers’ Paradise, the man was ______．
A．disappointed B．worried
C．pleased D．surprised
50．From the end of the story we can infer that ______．
A．the girl won against the elders B．the elders won against the girl
C．the elders won against the man D．the man won against the elders
IV．Translate the following sentences into Chinese and write the translation on your Answer Sheet．(10 points, 2 points for each)
51．Having had no useful work, he indulged in mad whims．
52．So it came to pass that the aerial messenger who took charge of the man made a mistake and found him a place in Workers’ Paradise．
53．Here men say: “God! We haven’t a moment to spare．” Women whisper: “Let’s move on, time’s a-flying．”
54．The girl’s movement on the road was like the rapid movement of a skilled hand on the strings of a guitar．
55．As a princess sees a lonely beggar and is filled with pity, so the busy girl of Heaven saw this one and was filled with pity．
V．Answer the following essay question in English within 80-100 words． Write your answers on the Answer Sheet． (10 points)
56．Do you think art is something that has no meaning and no purpose at all? Why or why not?
VI．Translate the following sentences into English and write the translation on your Answer Sheet．(20 points, 2 points each for 57-60, 4 points for 61, 8 points for 62)
57．心情好時，我可以譜寫出恢弘的交響樂，繪制出壯麗的畫卷。
58．這家事務所還強烈反對離婚、追求女色以及酗酒。
59．五個月前她得到杰利在戰場上失蹤的消息。
60．如果你一輩子都拒絕吊在眼前的誘餌，那就根本算不上活著了。
61．大概17歲到24歲期間，我試圖擯棄這個念頭，但這樣做的同時我清楚這違背了我的本性，我知道自己遲早都要安定下來寫作。
62．我認為，這幾十年里報紙已經成為一種習慣，而不是一種功能。報紙已享有太長時間的特權，任何變化都會讓人們難以接受。實際上，我不知道近20年里還有哪種媒體的變化像日報那樣小。反對變化就是停止發展，進而使報紙失去作用。
全國2010年10月高等教育自學考試
高級英語試題及答案解析
（課程代碼：00600）
I．Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences． (25 points, 1 point for each)
1．U 2．Q 3．M 4．N 5．T
6．A 7．F 8．R 9．I 10．Y
11．B 12．K 13．P 14．D 15．S
16．G 17． L 18． V 19．W 20．H
21．X 22．J 23．C 24．E 25．O
【解析】這是五段不相關的內容，要正確選詞填空。首先，把25個選項瀏覽一遍，詞性、時態標注一下。其次，瀏覽各個段落，根據短文意思和句子結構進行填詞。有些短文選自課本，但是一味的去背課本，不把復習的重點放在單詞、短語、語法的理解上，考試通過難度是相當大的。因此，只有把英語基礎夯實了，這道題是很簡單的。最后，快速檢查一下選項，認真推敲自己不確定的答案。
II．Choose the right one to complete the sentence．(15 points, 1 point for each)
26．A
【解析】句意：公民感謝政府提供的有益健康的環境。A． wholesome a．有益健康的；有益身心健康的；B． wholesale a．批發的，大規模的；C． noisome a．惡臭的，令人不快的；D．tiresome a．令人疲勞的，令人厭倦的。根據句意，故選A。
27．B
【解析】句意：農民從比賽排斥引起激烈的辯論。A．omission n．遺漏，省略；B．exclusion n．除去；C．inclusion n．包含；D．emission n．發出。根據句意，故選B。
28．D
【解析】句意：他的勝利是因為他的忍耐和堅毅。A．instance n．例子，實例；B．existence n．存在，生存，生活。C．subsistence n．生存；D．perseverance n．堅毅。根據句意，故選D。
29．C
【解析】句意：他殺了敵人，卻受到了致命的傷害。A．moral a．道德的；B．fateful a．重大的；不幸的；C．mortal a．致命的；D．factual a．事實的，真實的，確鑿的。根據句意，故選C。
30．A
【解析】句意：為了去除桌子上的油漆，他不得不拿小刀刮。A．scrape v．刮；B．rub v．擦；C．dab v．輕拍，輕涂；D．peel v．剝落，削皮。根據句意和常識，故選A。
31．D
【解析】句意：當地政府決定撥款建一座新的郵政大樓。A．distribute v．分發，分配；B．divide v．分開；C．contribute v．捐款，貢獻；D．allot v．分配，撥（款）。根據句意，故選D。
32．C
【解析】句意：她為家里聲名狼藉的丑事感到羞恥。A．shameful a．可恥的；B．shameless a．無恥的；C．ashamed a．慚愧的，羞恥的；D．shamed v．羞恥。根據句子結構和句意，故選C。
33．D
【解析】句意：到那時，這兩個職業間的對比會變得更明顯。A．symbolize vt．用符號表示；作為．．．象征；B．distinguished a．卓越的；著名的；C．predominat v．占優勢, 支配；D．pronounced a．明顯的。根據句子結構，這里缺少一個形容詞，結合句意，故選D。
34．A
【解析】句意：我回憶起幾年前在我們這個城市人們到處亂丟垃圾是多么讓人氣惱。A．annoying a．使人氣惱的；討厭的；B．scaring a．令人驚嚇的；C．frightening a．令人恐懼的, 令人害怕的；D．humiliating a．丟臉的, 傷自尊的。根據句意，故選A。
35．B
【解析】句意：我不抱怨吸煙限制，因為我討厭在醫院吸煙。A．program n． 程序；B．restriction n．限制，約束；C．argument n．爭吵，辯論；D．advertisement n．廣告。根據句意，故選B。
36．C
【解析】句意：他的肌肉很結實使他能抵御嚴寒和疾病。A．ignorance of對 ．．． 一無所知；B．independence of獨立；C．resistance to對 ．．． 的阻力；D．attribution to歸因于…。根據句意，故選C。
37．C
【解析】句意：盡管民意大選的結果是有利的，但是相當一部分反對意見意見在報紙上刊登出來了。A．practical a． 實用的；(切合)實際的，有實用價值的；B．sensible a． 明智的，合情理的；C．favorable a．稱贊的，贊同的；有利的，順利的；D．outstanding a．顯著的。根據句意，故選C。
38．D
【解析】句意：在英國大學，員工工作時停下來休息半小時或喝下午茶已經是一種習慣。A．satisfactory a．令人滿意的；B．extraordinary a．不平常的，特別的，非凡的；C．contemporary a．當代的；同時代的；D．customary a． a．習慣上的，慣常的，合乎習俗的。根據句意，故選D。
39．A
【解析】句意：許多城市人口密度的上升引起了住房、教育和醫療服務等問題。A．rise v．上升；B．reason v．分析，推論；C．result vi．導致；起因于；D．response n．回答。根據題意，故選A。
40．B
【解析】句意：這個發現在科學界受到了高度的欣賞。A．measured a．精確的，慎重的；B．appreciate v．欣賞C．calculated adj． 有計劃的, 經計算的, 可能的；D．experiment v．試驗。這里是被動語態。根據句意，故選B。
III．Choose the best answer．(20 points, 2 points for each)
41．B
【解析】題意：你認為這個故事主要講了什么？A．這位畫家對這位美麗姑娘的愛；B．美麗和實用之間的矛盾；C．改變了一個姑娘過去只相信實用；D．理想的社會是不浪費時間，不容忍懶散。文章中講了兩個人物，這個游手好閑、瘋狂奇想的畫家和忙碌追求實用的姑娘。通過這兩個人物的對比，反映了美麗和實用之間的矛盾。
42．B
【解析】題意：作者對這個故事是什么態度？A．對這位藝術家冷漠；B．同情這位藝術家；C．反對；D．取笑這些相信天堂的人物。文章第二段講到當這位藝術家被趕出天堂的時候，這個姑娘要跟他一起走，從這可以看出在作者心里，充滿了對他的同情。
43．A
【解析】題意：在第二段句子 “but they lingered in his mind”中 “they”指誰？A．他的奇想；B．他的誓言；C．他做的事情；D．他遇到的人們。 “At times he vowed to shake off his whims, but they lingered in his mind．”這個句子的意思是：有時他發誓要擺脫這些奇想，但是他們一直停留在他的腦海里。故 “they”指的是奇想。
44．C
【解析】題意：短語 “a scrap of “在第七段中正確意思是什么？A．許多；B．大量；C．一點點；D．許多。這個題可以用排除法做，A,B,D三項意思一樣，但正確答案只有一個，故選C。
45．D
【解析】題意：在第八段中， 句子“…in the Workers’ Paradise even a torrent would not waste its energy singing”,作者的意圖是什么？A．陳述事實；B．嘲笑他；C．贊揚勞動者的天堂；D．嘲笑勞動者天堂。句子“…in the Workers’ Paradise even a torrent would not waste its energy singing”的意思是：在勞動者天堂，即使水流也不能浪費能量發出聲音。水流任何時候都有聲音，沒有聲音的水流是不存在的。故作者這里是嘲笑勞動者天堂有悖常理的存在。故選D。
46．C
【解析】題意：第二十一段中 “get the better of “是什么意思？A．挑選；B．利用；C．擊敗；D．取笑。 “get the better of “意思是：戰勝。故選C。
47．B
【解析】題意：第三十八段中單詞 “quaint”是什么意思？A． 令人厭惡的；B．奇怪；C．丑陋的；D． 煩擾的, 擔心的, 令人不安的。“quaint”意思是：其意而有趣的；古色古香的。故選B。
48．A
【解析】題意：從作者對這個女孩的描述中，我們可以知道什么？A．她很好奇；B．她沒有吸引力；C．她比其他人都忙；D．她是勞動者天堂的公主。文章中屢次講到這個姑娘和畫家的對話，每次都是源于好奇。B,C,D文章中沒有。故選A。
49．C
【解析】題意：當這位老者讓這位畫家離開勞動者天堂的時候，他的心情怎么樣？A．失望的；B．擔心的；C．高興的；D．驚訝的。從文章 “The man sighed in relief and gathered up his brush and paint． But as he was about to go, the girl of the silent torrent came up tripping and cried: “Wait a moment． I shall go with you．”他聽到后動作很有次序的整理他的東西，說明他的心情很鎮定。故選C。
50．D
【解析】題意：從故事的結尾，我們可以推論出什么？A．這個姑娘擊敗了這位老者；B．這位老者擊敗了這位姑娘；C．這位老者擊敗了這個男人；D．這個男人擊敗了這位老者。根據最后一段 “The elders gasped in surprise． Never before had a thing like this happened in Workers’ Paradise—a thing that no meaning and no purpose at all．”可以看出這個男人贏得了那位老者。
IV．Translate the following sentences into Chinese．(10 points, 2 points for each)
51．他從來不做有用的工作，而是沉溺于瘋狂的怪念中。
52．因而發生了這樣的事情：掌管此人的天使出了錯，把他安置在了“勞作者的天堂”。
53．這里的男人們說：“上帝呀！我們連一刻閑暇都沒有！”女人們輕聲說：“別停下，時間不等人啊！”
54．女孩走路很快，宛如靈巧的手快速撥弄吉他的琴弦。
55．正如公主看到孤獨的乞丐會心生憐憫一樣，天堂里忙碌的少女看到這個人，心中也充滿了憐憫之情。
【解析】這五個句子的翻譯是要結合文章，單獨一個句子結構可能不完整，在一定的語境才能準確把握句意。
【評分參考】
（1）譯文準確，句子連貫，無重大理解錯誤，不扣分。
（2）雖然譯文與答案不完全相符，但能夠正確表達愿意，不扣分。
（3）譯文不準確，內容不連貫，出現一個重大理解錯誤，該小題扣1分。
（4）關鍵內容上的漏譯，每出現一個，該小題扣1分，關鍵詞匯的漏譯，每出現兩個，該小題扣1分，但不出現負分。
V．Answer the following essay question in English within 80-100 words．(10 points)
【評分參考】
（1）內容占6分，語言占4分。
（2）答案結構合理，語言準確，條理清晰，得4分。
（3）每出現兩處重大語法錯誤扣1分，但是扣分不得超過2分。
（4）結構不完整，條理不清，扣2分。
（5）少于60詞扣2分。
（6）完全照抄原文，雖涉及所需全部內容，最多給3分。
VI．Translate the following sentences into English． (20 points, 2 points each for 57-60, 4 points for 61, 8 points for 62)
57．When I am in the humour I can compose grand symphonies, and paint magnificent pictures．
58．The firm also frowned heavily on divorce, as well as womanizing and drinking．
60．If you went through life refusing all the bait dangled before you, that would be no life at all．
61．Between the ages of about seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so with the consciousness that I was outraging my true nature and that sooner or later I should have to settle down and write books．
62．I believe that over a period of decades newspapers have become a habit rather than a function．They have held their franchise so long that change has become inadmissible．I do not know, in fact, of any medium that has changed as little in the last twenty years as the daily press．And this resistance to change is the end of growth—which, in turn, marks the end of usefulness．
【解析】句子翻譯的方法：首先，分析句子結構，確定簡單句/復合句句型；其次，確定句子的主干，即主謂賓/主系表結構；最后，分析句子時態、語態、詞語的準確選擇。
【評分參考】
（1）譯文準確，句子連貫，無重大語法錯誤，不扣分。
（2）雖然譯文與答案不完全相符，但能夠正確表達原意，不扣分。
（3）譯文不準確，內容不連貫，出現一個重大錯誤，該小題扣1分。
（4）拼寫錯誤每出現5個扣1分，不重復扣分，不得出現負分。
（5）第61題共4分。
（6）第62題共8分，每句2分。
2010年10月全國自考《高級英語:00600》試題和答案解析：免費下載（word文檔）
