1. Chu Deh remembered his age. He was thirty-six, his youth had passed like a screaming eagle, leaving him old and disillusioned.
2. It would have been difficult to find a happier child than I was as I lay in my crib at the close of that eventful day and lived over the joys it had brought me.
3. My fingers lingered almost unconsciously on the familiar leaves and blossoms which had just come forth to greet the sweet southern spring.
4. I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrast between the two lives it connects.
B.我非常興奮，因?yàn)槲蚁氲轿医窈蟮纳詈鸵郧板娜徊煌?/div>
C.從今天開始，我的生活會(huì)和以前迥然不同，想到這點(diǎn)，我就感到非常興奮。
D.我非常興奮，因?yàn)槲蚁氲浇窈蟮奈視?huì)和以前生活迥然不同。
5. To determine the consequences of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests.
A.為了弄清睡眠不足會(huì)產(chǎn)生什么樣的后果，研究人員通過一系列心理測試和表現(xiàn)測試來設(shè)立學(xué)科。
B.為了弄清睡眠不足會(huì)產(chǎn)生什么樣的后果，研究人員對(duì)這些學(xué)科進(jìn)行了各種測試，包括心理和表現(xiàn)。
C.為了弄清睡眠不足會(huì)產(chǎn)生什么樣的后果，研究人員對(duì)測試對(duì)象進(jìn)行了各種測試，包括心理和表現(xiàn)。
D.為了弄清睡眠不足會(huì)產(chǎn)生什么樣的后果，研究人員對(duì)測試對(duì)象進(jìn)行了一系列的心理測試和表現(xiàn)測試。
6.今天，專心致志進(jìn)行現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的中國人民，更需要有一個(gè)長期的和平國際環(huán)境和良好的周邊環(huán)境。
A. Today, the Chinese people, who are committing to their modernization, need more than ever a long-term international environment of peace and a favorable neighboring climate.
B. Today, the Chinese people, who are committed to their modernization, need more than ever a long-term international environment of peace and a favorable neighboring climate.
C. Today, the Chinese people are committing to their modernization need more than ever a long-term international environment of peace and a favorable neighboring climate.
D. Today, the Chinese people are committed to their modernization need more than ever a long-term international environment of peace and a favorable neighboring climate.
7.相互了解，是發(fā)展國與國之間關(guān)系的前提。唯有相互了解，才能增進(jìn)信任，加強(qiáng)合作。
A. Mutual understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations. Only with mutual understanding, it would be possible for countries to build trust in and promote cooperation with each other.
B. Mutual understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations. Without it, it would be impossible for countries to build trust in and promote cooperation with one another.
C. Mutual understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations, without it, it would be impossible for countries to build trust in and promote cooperation with each other.
D. Mutual understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations, only with mutual understanding, it would be possible for countries to build trust in and promote cooperation with one another.
8.合營企業(yè)的一切活動(dòng)應(yīng)遵守中華人民共和國法律、法令和有關(guān)條例規(guī)定。
A. All activities of an equity joint venture should comply by the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People’s Republic of China.
B. All activities of an equity joint venture shall abide with the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People’s Republic of China.
C. All activities of an equity joint venture shall comply with the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People’s Republic of China.
D. All activities of an equity joint venture should abide by the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People’s Republic of China.
9.按照《聯(lián)合國海洋法公約》的規(guī)定，中國還對(duì)廣闊的大陸架和專屬經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)行使主權(quán)和管轄權(quán)。
A. As defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, China also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones.
B. Defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, China also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones.
C. China defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones.
D. China as defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones.
10.做事要有毅力，不要因?yàn)槭虑楹茈y或者麻煩而撒手不干。
A. Practise perseverance or never give up a thing because it is hard or inconvenient.
B. Practise perseverance and not to give up a thing because it is hard or inconvenient.
C. Practise perseverance and never give up a thing because it is hard or inconvenient.
D. Practise perseverance or not to give up a thing because it is hard or inconvenient.
11.______認(rèn)為“以效果而論，翻譯應(yīng)當(dāng)像臨畫一樣，所求的不在形似而在神似。”
A.郭沫若 B.茅盾 C.傅雷 D.王佐良
12.“翻譯的確切性就是通過復(fù)制原文形式的特點(diǎn)(如果語言條件許可的話)，或創(chuàng)造在作用上與原文特點(diǎn)相符的東西來表達(dá)原文所特有的內(nèi)容與形式間的相互關(guān)系。”這是費(fèi)道羅夫在他的著作______中指出的。
A.《語言與翻譯面面觀》 B.《語言與翻譯》C.《論翻譯的原則》D.《翻譯理論概要》
13. According to A. F. Tytler, the three principles of translation are the following EXCEPT that ______.
A. the translation should have all the ease of the original composition
B. the translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work
C. the merit of the original work should be completely transfused into another language
D. the style and manner of writing should be of the same character with that of the original
14.著名翻譯家王佐良教授以翻譯英詩為主，他對(duì)譯詩的看法是______。
A.格律要如原詩，追求每行字?jǐn)?shù)的一律
B.譯者在自己的譯文風(fēng)格上不必追求創(chuàng)新和探索
C.譯詩須像詩，要忠實(shí)傳達(dá)原作的內(nèi)容、意境、情調(diào)
D.語言要設(shè)法接近原作，要保持其原有的新鮮或銳利，但是形象可以意譯
15.原文：該廠產(chǎn)品的主要特點(diǎn)是工藝精湛，經(jīng)久耐用。
譯文: The products of this factory are chiefly characterized by their fine workmanship and durability.
對(duì)于原文中的黑體部分，譯者采用的主要翻譯技巧是______。
A.增詞 B.減詞
C.詞類轉(zhuǎn)換 D.分譯法
II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)
A. Directions: Turn the following words and phrases into Chinese. (Please write your answer on the answer sheet.)
16. anti-doping agency 17. Achilles’ heel
18. enforcement power 19. geologist
20. entrepreneurial spirit 21. life imprisonment
22. duty-free goods 23. the New Testament
24. global positioning system 25. blue chips
B. Directions: Turn the following words and phrases into English. (Please write your answer on the answer sheet.)
26.琉璃瓦 27.殘奧會(huì)28.絲綢之路 29.旅游旺季30.余震 31.中國紅十字會(huì)
32.履行義務(wù) 33.知識(shí)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)34.多邊外交 35.同聲傳譯
III. Translation Revision (20 points, 2 points for each)
36. 原文: We have acquired a keen sense of the diversity, dynamism, and progress of China under your policies of reform and opening to the outside world.
譯文：在改革和對(duì)外開放政策下，我們強(qiáng)烈地感受到了中國的多樣化、活力和進(jìn)步。
37. 原文：Public officials may be removed from office for failing to perform their duties properly, as well as for serious violations of law.
譯文：公職人員如果瀆職就會(huì)被撤職，并被視為嚴(yán)重違法。
38. 原文：You cannot be too careful in proofreading.
譯文：校對(duì)時(shí)，你不能過于仔細(xì)。
39.原文： She persisted in her work when she might take a good rest.
譯文：當(dāng)她可以休息時(shí)，她卻在工作。
40. 原文： He wished that he had asked her to dance, and that he knew her name.
譯文：他真希望自己請(qǐng)她跳了舞，又知道了她的芳名，那該有多好。
41.原文：理論上看起來容易的事情做起來卻往往非常困難。
譯文: That seems easy in theory is often immensely difficult to achieve.
42.原文：人們喜愛這位美國當(dāng)代優(yōu)秀作家。
譯文: People love this American contemporary outstanding writer.
43.原文：為了推動(dòng)中美關(guān)系的發(fā)展，中國需要進(jìn)一步了解美國，美國也需要進(jìn)一步了解中國。
譯文: To promote the development of Sino-US relations, China needs to know the United States better and the United States needs to know China better.
44.原文：中國作為人類文明發(fā)祥地之一，在幾千年的歷史進(jìn)程中，文化傳統(tǒng)始終沒有中斷。
譯文: As one of the cradles of human civilization, China has all along maintained its cultural tradition without letup in its history of several thousands years.
45.原文：中國現(xiàn)有宜農(nóng)荒地3,500萬公頃，其中可開墾為耕地的約有1,470萬公頃。
譯文: China now has 3.5 million hectares of wasteland which are suitable for farming. Of this, about 1.47 million hectares can be reclaimed.
IV. Passage Translation (30 points)
46.
The central government has taken the unprecedented step of giving children across the country a special lesson on their first day of school—how to survive natural disasters.
This comes in the wake of the devastating Sichuan earthquake in May, which left 88,000 people dead or missing. In response, Beijing ordered China Central Television to produce a programme to teach students how to survive during emergencies.
The First Lesson of the Beginning of the School Term, will be aired on CCTV tonight and is required viewing for all mainland school students.
The Ministry of Education has also instructed all primary and secondary schools to implement each safety measure presented in the programme and to plan for any contingency. "After the school term opens, schools have to focus on carrying out safety education and safety drills," the ministry said.
A Beijing-based journalism scholar welcomed the move, saying China had never before made a programme specifically on disaster prevention and escape.
“In the past, we had a lack of disaster preventive measures,” he said. “Now I think the Sichuan quake finally brought some positive changes because the death toll, especially among students, was just too high ...”
47.
立足國內(nèi)資源，實(shí)現(xiàn)糧食基本自給，是中國解決糧食供需問題的基本方針。中國將努力促進(jìn)糧食增產(chǎn)，確保在正常情況下糧食自給率不低于95％，凈進(jìn)口量不超過國內(nèi)消費(fèi)量的5％。
現(xiàn)階段中國已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了糧食基本自給，在未來的發(fā)展過程中，中國依靠自己的力量實(shí)現(xiàn)糧食基本自給，客觀上具備諸多有利因素。根據(jù)中國農(nóng)業(yè)自然資源、生產(chǎn)條件、技術(shù)水平和其他發(fā)展條件，糧食增產(chǎn)潛力很大。
2010年4月全國高等教育自學(xué)考試
英語翻譯試題答案及評(píng)分參考
（課程代碼 00087）
I. Multiple Choice (30 points, 2 points for each)
A: 1-5: BADCD 6-10: BBCAC
B: 11-15: CDCCC
II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)
A: 16. 反興奮劑機(jī)構(gòu) 17. 唯一致命的弱點(diǎn)/阿基里斯的腳踵
18. 執(zhí)法的權(quán)力 19. 地質(zhì)學(xué)家
20. 創(chuàng)業(yè)精神 21. 無期徒刑/終身監(jiān)禁
22. 免稅（商）品 23. 《新約》
24. 全球衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng) 25. 藍(lán)籌股
（評(píng)分參考）
（1）英譯漢詞組翻譯共10小題，每小題1分，共10分。
（2）考生答案如與參考答案相符，給1分。
（3）兩個(gè)以上單詞構(gòu)成的詞組如有一個(gè)單詞譯錯(cuò)而其他地方都正確，可得0.5分。如兩個(gè)單詞譯錯(cuò)不能得分。
（4）本題多為固定詞組或?qū)Ｓ性~語，如果沒有特殊說明，其他與參考答案不相符的譯文均不能得分。
B: 26. glazed tiles
27. (the) Paralympics / Paralympic Games
28. (the) Silk Road
29. tourist season / tourist boom
30. afternoon
31. (the) Red Cross Society of China
32. (to) fulfill obligations
33. knowledge-intensive industry
34. multilateral diplomacy
35. simultaneous interpretation
（評(píng)分參考）
（1）漢譯英詞組翻譯共10小題，每小題1分，共10分。
（2）考生答案如與參考答案相符，給1分。
（3）考生如在大小寫、單復(fù)數(shù)和冠詞等方面與參考答案不完全相符，但詞組主體部分正確，酌情扣0.5分。考生答案中每題如有兩個(gè)以上的錯(cuò)誤，則不能得分。
（4）本題多為固定詞組或?qū)Ｓ性~語，如果沒有特殊說明，其他與參考答案不相符的譯文均不能得分。
III. Translation Revision (20 points, 2 points for each)
A. 36. 我們強(qiáng)烈地感受到了你們實(shí)行的改革和對(duì)外開放政策給中國帶來的多樣化、活力和進(jìn)步。（介賓短語的修飾范圍）
37. 公職人員瀆職跟嚴(yán)重違法一樣都會(huì)被撤職。（…as well as…句型的翻譯）
38. 校對(duì)時(shí)，越仔細(xì)越好。（否定結(jié)構(gòu)的翻譯）
39. 盡管她可以好好休息一下，可她卻還是堅(jiān)持工作。（詞語的上下文意義）
40. 他真希望自己當(dāng)時(shí)請(qǐng)他跳了舞，現(xiàn)在又知道她的芳名，那該有多好。（虛擬語氣的翻譯）。
B. 41. What seems easy in theory is often immensely difficult to achieve.（主語從句的翻譯）
42. People love this outstanding contemporary American writer.（翻譯中的定語順序）
43. To promote the development of Sino-US relations, China needs to know the United States better and vice versa.（省略法的運(yùn)用）
44. As one of the cradles of human civilization, China has all along maintained its cultural tradition without letup in its history of several thousand years.（數(shù)字的翻譯）
45. China now has 35 million hectares of wasteland which are suitable for farming. Of this, about 14.7 million hectares can be reclaimed.（數(shù)字的翻譯）
（評(píng)分的參考）
（1）本大題共10小題，每小題2分，共20分。
（2）凡與參考答案相符者，給2分；每小題中若有兩處錯(cuò)誤，改對(duì)一處得1分；若與參考答案不符，但考生能用規(guī)范譯語把原文的意思準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)出來，也可給2分。
（3）即使辨認(rèn)出錯(cuò)誤，但沒能正確改譯，不給分。
（4）考生在改譯中把原譯的錯(cuò)誤或不妥之處改掉，卻又在另一點(diǎn)上犯錯(cuò)，原則上不給分；如錯(cuò)誤小，可考慮給1分。
IV. Passage Translation (30 points)
A. 46. 參考譯文：
中央政府采取了一項(xiàng)前所未有的措施——在開學(xué)第一天為全國的學(xué)生開設(shè)特別課，教他們?cè)谧匀粸?zāi)難發(fā)生時(shí)如何自救。
這項(xiàng)措施是在五月份發(fā)生的四川大地震之后采取的，那場地震導(dǎo)致88,000人死亡和失蹤。針對(duì)這個(gè)情況，北京下令讓中國中央電視臺(tái)制作出一套節(jié)目來指導(dǎo)學(xué)生在緊急情況下如何自救。
《開學(xué)第一課》將于今晚在中央電視臺(tái)播出，并要大陸各在校中、小學(xué)生都觀看。
教育部還指示所有中、小學(xué)校都要貫徹落實(shí)電視節(jié)目中的每一項(xiàng)安全措施并制定出對(duì)突發(fā)情況的應(yīng)急方案。“學(xué)校開學(xué)后就應(yīng)該重點(diǎn)進(jìn)行安全教育和安全訓(xùn)練，”教育部說。
駐北京的一位新聞學(xué)者對(duì)這一舉措表示歡迎。他說中國過去從來沒有專門制作過關(guān)于災(zāi)難預(yù)防和逃生的節(jié)目。
“過去我們?nèi)狈︻A(yù)防災(zāi)難的措施，”那位學(xué)者說，“現(xiàn)在我認(rèn)為四川地震最終帶來了某些積極的變化，因?yàn)榈卣鹬械乃劳鋈藬?shù)——特別是學(xué)生的死亡人數(shù)實(shí)在是太高了……”
（評(píng)分參看）
（1）英譯漢部分，滿分為15分，包括分句評(píng)價(jià)分為14分，總體評(píng)價(jià)分為1分。
（2）考生的分句評(píng)價(jià)分在12分（含12分）以上才可加總體評(píng)價(jià)分。如果譯文在總體上理解正確，內(nèi)容上忠實(shí)原文，表達(dá)流暢，漢語規(guī)范，則可給1分。如果理解基本正確，內(nèi)容上基本忠實(shí)原文，表達(dá)比較流暢，語言基本規(guī)范，則可酌情給0.5分。
（3）每句譯文如忠實(shí)原文，語言表達(dá)無誤，則可得該句的滿分。句中如有誤譯、漏譯、語法錯(cuò)誤、拼寫錯(cuò)誤等，則可酌情扣分；扣分最多不得超過該句的分值。如證據(jù)誤譯或漏譯，則不給分。
（4）若譯文與參考答案不符，但考生能用規(guī)范譯語把原文的意思準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)出來，則不扣分。
全文共分九句。分句評(píng)價(jià)分的分值如下：
第1句：2分。“unprecedented”也可譯為“空前的”，“first day of school”若譯為“剛?cè)雽W(xué)的”，扣0.5分。
第2句：1.5分。“in the wake of”若譯錯(cuò)，扣0.5分，“left…”若譯為“留下…”，扣0.5分。
第3句：1分。
第4句：1.5分。“aired”若譯錯(cuò)扣0.5分。
第5句：3分。“to implement…measure”若譯錯(cuò)，扣1分。
第6句：1分。若“focus on…”或“drill”譯錯(cuò)，扣0.5分。
第7句：1.5分。若“Beijing-based”或“move”譯錯(cuò)，扣0.5分。
第8句：1分。
第9句：1.5分。“positive”若譯為“正面的”可不扣分。
B. 47. 參考譯文：
The basic principle for solving the problem of grain supply and demand in China is to rely on the domestic resources and basically achieve self-sufficiency in grain. China endeavors to increase its grain production so that its self-sufficiency rate of grain under normal conditions will be above 95 percent and the net import rate 5 percent, or even less, of the total consumption quantity.
China has basically achieved self-sufficiency in grain at the present stage, and there are many favorable objective factors for her to maintain such achievement by her own efforts in the course of future development. Natural agricultural resources, production conditions, technical level and some other conditions ensure great potential in this respect.
（評(píng)分參考）
（1）漢譯英部分，滿分為15分，包括分句評(píng)價(jià)分為14分，總體評(píng)價(jià)分為1分。
（2）考生的分句評(píng)價(jià)分在12分（含12分）以上才可加總體評(píng)價(jià)分。如果譯文在總體上理解正確，內(nèi)容上忠實(shí)原文，表達(dá)流暢，語言規(guī)范，則可給1分。如果理解基本正確，內(nèi)容上基本忠實(shí)原文，表達(dá)比較流暢，語言基本規(guī)范，則可酌情給0.5分。
（3）每句譯文如忠實(shí)原文，語言表達(dá)無誤，則可得該句的滿分。句中如有誤譯、漏譯、語法錯(cuò)誤、拼寫錯(cuò)誤等，則可酌情扣分；扣分最多不得超過該句的分值。如證據(jù)誤譯或漏譯，則不給分。
（4）若譯文與參考答案不符，但考生能用規(guī)范譯語把原文的意思準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)出來，則不予扣分。
漢語一個(gè)分句算一句，全文共4句。分句評(píng)價(jià)分的分值如下：
第1句：3分。“實(shí)現(xiàn)……基本自給”如果譯錯(cuò)，扣1分。
第2句：3.5分。“努力……”若譯成“to try her (or its) best”，不扣分，“凈進(jìn)口量”若譯錯(cuò)，扣1分。
第3句：4分。“現(xiàn)階段”如果譯成“now”，扣0.5分，“客觀上（的）有利因素”如果譯成“Objective favorable factors”，扣1分。
第4句：3.5分。“農(nóng)業(yè)自然資源”若譯成“agricultural natural resources”，扣1分。
2010年4月全國自考《英語翻譯:00087》試題和答案：免費(fèi)下載（word文檔）
